Mediterranean Dietary Pattern at Middle Age and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Swedish Cohort Study

Mov Disord. 2021 Jan;36(1):255-260. doi: 10.1002/mds.28314. Epub 2020 Oct 20.

Abstract

Background: The Mediterranean diet has been proposed to protect against neurodegeneration.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the association of adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) at middle age with risk for Parkinson's disease (PD) later in life.

Method: In a population-based cohort of >47,000 Swedish women, information on diet was collected through a food frequency questionnaire during 1991-1992, from which adherence to MDP was calculated. We also collected detailed information on potential confounders. Clinical diagnosis of PD was ascertained from the Swedish National Patient Register through 2012.

Results: We observed an inverse association between adherence to MDP and PD, multivariable hazard ratio of 0.54 (95% confidence interval: 0.30-0.98), comparing high with low adherence. The association was noted primarily from age 65 years onward. One unit increase in the adherence score was associated with a 29% lower risk for PD at age ≥ 65 years (95% confidence interval: 0.57-0.89).

Conclusion: Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet at middle age was associated with lower risk for PD. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.

Keywords: Mediterranean dietary pattern; Parkinson's disease; cohort; epidemiology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diet, Mediterranean*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Parkinson Disease* / epidemiology
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Sweden / epidemiology