Glycemic profile of women with normoglycemia and gestational diabetes mellitus during early pregnancy using continuous glucose monitoring system

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Nov:169:108409. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108409. Epub 2020 Sep 1.

Abstract

Aim: We studied women between 8 and 20 weeks of gestation with the aim of evaluating and comparing those having normoglycemia and GDM according to WHO 2013 criteria.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study (2017-2019), eligible pregnant women underwent a 75-g OGTT, followed by placement of a CGMS.

Results: Women (n = 96, 58 with normoglycemia and 38 with GDM) were enrolled at 14.0 ± 3.2 weeks of gestation. Mean preprandial, 1-h and 2-h postprandial and peak glucose values were significantly higher in women with GDM. Peak glucose value was achieved 60.0 ± 12.3 and 64.3 ± 11.6 min after meal in the normoglycemia and GDM group, respectively. 24-h mean glucose (5.8 ± 0.6 vs. 5.3 ± 0.4 mmol/L), mean daytime glucose (6.0 ± 0.6 vs. 5.5 ± 0.4 mmol/L) and mean nocturnal glucose (5.4 ± 0.7 vs. 5.0 0 ± 0.5 mmol/L) were significantly higher in women with GDM. Total time spent in range was significantly lower in the GDM group compared to the normoglycemia group (92.1 vs. 98.2%).

Conclusions: This study highlights differences in glycemic patterns between women with normoglycemia and GDM in the context of a South Asian population where burden of GDM is high but good quality data in early pregnancy are limited.

Keywords: CGMS; Gestational Diabetes Mellitus; IADPSG criteria; Pregnancy; South Asia; WHO 2013 criteria.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / methods*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes, Gestational / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Pregnancy

Substances

  • Blood Glucose