Objective: To evaluate the effects of exposure of fine particle matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) in Beijing as the main pollutants on olfaction of SD rats. Methods: In October 16, 2018, twenty 8-week-old SD rats were randomly divided into two groups, 10 rats in the exposure group and 10 rats in the control group. They were fed in air pollutant exposure system and clean experimental environment respectively, and the concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 in each system were measured. The degree of olfaction damage of SD rats at different feeding time was assessed by using the buried food test (BFT). The difference of BFT time between the two groups was analyzed by performing the repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5 and O3 in the exposure group were (22.65±11.47) μg/m3 and (12.36±5.87) μg/m3, respectively, while those in the control group were both 0 μg/m3. The repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the time of BFT in the exposure group was longer than that in the control group (F=6.49, P=0.031). With the increase of feeding time, the time of BFT was prolonged (F=61.69, P<0.001). Conclusion: Exposure to PM2.5 and O3 in the atmosphere might lead to olfaction damage in rats.
目的： 研究北京大气PM2.5和O3暴露对SD大鼠嗅觉的影响。 方法： 于2018年10月，采用随机数字表法将20只8周龄的SD大鼠分为暴露组和对照组（每组各10只），分别饲养于大气污染物暴露系统和清洁级实验环境中，并检测各系统的PM2.5和O3浓度。采用食物小球埋藏实验（BFT）评价不同饲养时间SD大鼠的嗅觉损伤的程度，并采用重复性方差分析两组大鼠的BFT时间差异。 结果： 暴露组大鼠暴露PM2.5和O3浓度分别为（22.65±11.47）、（12.36±5.87）μg/m3；对照组均为0 μg/m3。重复测量资料的方差分析结果显示，PM2.5和O3暴露组BFT所用时间长于对照组（F=6.49，P=0.031）；随着饲养时间的增加，BFT所用时间有所延长（F=61.69，P<0.001）。 结论： 大气中PM2.5和O3暴露可能导致大鼠嗅觉损伤。.
Keywords: Air pollution; Olfactory perception; Ozone; Particle matter.