Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Epitopes Predicted to Induce Long-Term Population-Scale Immunity

Mark Yarmarkovich; John M Warrington; Alvin Farrel; John M Maris

doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100036

Identification of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Epitopes Predicted to Induce Long-Term Population-Scale Immunity

Cell Rep Med. 2020 Jun 23;1(3):100036. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100036. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Authors

Mark Yarmarkovich¹, John M Warrington¹, Alvin Farrel^{1

2}, John M Maris^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
² Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
³ Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Abstract

Here we propose a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design concept based on identification of highly conserved regions of the viral genome and newly acquired adaptations, both predicted to generate epitopes presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II across the vast majority of the population. We further prioritize genomic regions that generate highly dissimilar peptides from the human proteome and are also predicted to produce B cell epitopes. We propose sixty-five 33-mer peptide sequences, a subset of which can be tested using DNA or mRNA delivery strategies. These include peptides that are contained within evolutionarily divergent regions of the spike protein reported to increase infectivity through increased binding to the ACE2 receptor and within a newly evolved furin cleavage site thought to increase membrane fusion. Validation and implementation of this vaccine concept could specifically target specific vulnerabilities of SARS-CoV-2 and should engage a robust adaptive immune response in the vast majority of the population.

Keywords: COVID-19; DNA vaccine; HLA; MHC; RNA vaccine; SARS-CoV-2; coronavirus; epitope; immunogenicity; vaccine.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

Abstract

Publication types

Grants and funding