Outcomes of Surgical Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in the Aged: Institutional Experience and Systematic Review

World Neurosurg. 2020 Dec:144:270-282.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.118. Epub 2020 Aug 20.

Abstract

Background: Surgical intervention for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) in the elderly population remains a clinical challenge given that associated morbidity and outcomes do not always equate radiographic success with clinical success. Our objective was to compare outcome measures of 2 age groups of patients undergoing surgical intervention for cSDH evacuation and to perform a systematic review of the literature related to this topic.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of adult patients undergoing surgical evacuation of cSDH at our institution was performed. Primary outcome measures of modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge and 3 months were assessed. In addition, a systematic search was performed to collect all relevant studies addressing outcomes after surgical intervention in aged patients with cSDH.

Results: There were 72 patients in the younger cohort (<70 years) and 113 patients in the aged cohort (≥70 years). Multivariate analysis showed significant association between age and higher mRS score at discharge and 3 months follow-up. There were also significant differences in length of stay and disposition between the 2 groups. Twenty-one studies were reviewed, and 11 studies were included in a meta-analysis of recurrence rates between studied age groups.

Conclusions: The aged cohort had worse outcomes than the younger cohort as determined by mRS score at discharge and 3 months. A systematic review of outcomes is provided with limited meta-analysis because of the heterogenous nature of outcome reporting and the observational design of previous studies. Further studies with standardized reporting and long-term follow-up are warranted to further study outcomes in this increasing population.

Keywords: Aged; Chronic subdural hematoma; Elderly; Surgical outcome; mRS.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neurosurgical Procedures / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome