Synthesis of novel xanthene based analogues: Their optical properties, jack bean urease inhibition and molecular modelling studies

Abstract

In this work, a series of the rhodamine 6G based derivatives 5a-5g, were synthesized. The structural framework of the synthesized compounds was established by using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, and LC-MS analytical methods. The spectroscopic properties of the target compounds were determined by using absorption and fluorescence study in four different solvents. Furthermore, the synthesized derivatives were assessed for in-vitro screening against jack bean urease inhibition and in-silico molecular docking study. The result reveals that all the compounds exhibit good urease inhibitory activity against this enzyme but among the series, the compound 5a &5c with an IC₅₀ values of 0.1108 ± 0.0038 μM and 0.1136 ± 0.0295 μM shows to be most auspicious inhibitory activity compared to a standard drug (Thiourea) having IC₅₀ value 4.7201 ± 0.0546 μM. Subsequently, the molecular docking experiment was analysed to distinguish the enzyme-inhibitor binding interaction.

Keywords: Molecular modelling; Photophysical properties; Radical scavenging activity; Rhodamine derivatives; Urease inhibition.