Validation of a commercial magnetic bead-based multiplex assay for 5 novel biomarkers of acute kidney injury in canine serum

J Vet Diagn Invest. 2020 Sep;32(5):656-663. doi: 10.1177/1040638720939520. Epub 2020 Jul 5.

Abstract

Interest is growing in measurement of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute kidney injury. Multiplex assays may provide a rapid and cost-effective way of measurement; however, sparse information is published regarding their use in dogs. We aimed to validate a commercial magnetic bead-based assay for 5 biomarkers: clusterin (Clus), cystatin C (CysC), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Intra- and inter-assay imprecision, linearity under dilution (LUD), spike recovery (S-R), and hemoglobin interference were evaluated using serum from healthy and diseased dogs. Additionally, the effect of sample type (serum vs. plasma) was investigated. All values for Clus and MCP-1 were outside the assay's measurable range. Intra- and inter-assay precision were acceptable for NGAL (CVs 8.8% and 13.2%, respectively). Regression analysis of LUD and S-R indicated good linearity for CysC and NGAL. Hemolysis did not affect measurement of any biomarker. Measured concentrations of CysC (p = 0.018) and NGAL (p = 0.015) were significantly lower in sodium citrate plasma compared to serum. We conclude that this magnetic bead-based assay is precise and accurate for NGAL measurement in canine serum. Inappropriate standards for MCP-1 and Clus, and poor accuracy for KIM-1 measurement, suggest that this assay cannot reliably quantify those biomarkers in canine blood. Measurements of CysC in canine blood using this assay must be interpreted with caution given inter-assay imprecision.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; biomarkers; dogs; immunoassay.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / diagnosis
  • Acute Kidney Injury / veterinary*
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / blood*
  • Dog Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Immunoassay / methods
  • Immunoassay / veterinary*
  • Male

Substances

  • Biomarkers