Novel µ opioid antagonists derived from the µ opioid agonists endomorphin and [Dmt1 ]DALDA (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2 )

Abstract

Hybrid analogues of the µ opioid agonists endomorphin and [Dmt¹ ]DALDA (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH₂ , Dmt = 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine) containing cis-4-amino-Pro, trans-4-amino-Pro, cis-4-aminoethyl-Pro or cis-4-guanidinylethyl-Pro in the 2 position of the peptide sequence were synthesized. None of the compounds retained high µ opioid agonist activity and, unexpectedly, substitution of cis-4-amino-Pro resulted in a novel class of potent µ opioid antagonists. In particular, the compound H-Dmt-cis-4-amino-Pro-Trp-Lys-NH₂ (CZ-1) turned out to be a highly selective µ opioid antagonist with ~1 nM µ receptor binding affinity.

Keywords: [Dmt1]DALDA; endomorphin; mu opioid receptor antagonists; opioid activity profiles; proline analogues.