Purpose of review: Uterine leiomyomas are a common condition estimated to affect 70-80% of reproductive-aged women. An evolving body of evidence continues to guide our understanding of various surgical and interventional treatment options, such as uterine artery embolization (UAE). This article provides an updated review of novel findings regarding UAE.
Recent findings: Despite an abundance of observational studies and several small randomized controlled trials, large scale long-term comparative efficacy studies are lacking. Although short-term outcomes continue to be favorable, recent trials show reoperation rate of up to 35% in 10 years and may raise some concerns regarding ovarian reserve, fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
Summary: UAE remains a safe and effective alternative to surgery in the management of leiomyomas. A deeper investigation into understanding this treatment's optimal use in various patient populations is needed.