The association between serum levels of growth differentiation factor-15 and rheumatoid arthritis activity

Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Sep;74(9):e13564. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.13564. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Abstract

Background: Macrophages play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) acts as an autocrine regulator of macrophage activation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess serum level of GDF-15 as a potential biomarker for detecting RA activity.

Method: A total of 100 female RA patients and 55 age and weight matched healthy control females were enroled. The serum level of GDF-15 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Serum levels of GDF-15 in RA patients with high, moderate, low and no disease activity were 989.0 ± 161.9, 505.6 ± 220.5, 349.2 ± 155.9 and 349.0 ± 144.0 pg/mL, respectively. GDF-15 with a cut-off value higher than 705 pg/mL was indicative of high RA activity with sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 92%.

Conclusion: GDF-15 serum levels may be used as a biomarker to predict high RA disease activity.

MeSH terms

  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / diagnosis*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Disease Progression
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Growth Differentiation Factor 15 / blood*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • GDF15 protein, human
  • Growth Differentiation Factor 15