Patient-reported Upper Limb Function After Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Breast Cancer: A Prospective Observational Study

Clin Breast Cancer. 2020 Oct;20(5):e584-e588. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.03.014. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Abstract

Introduction: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard procedure for axillary staging in breast cancer. There is a lack of consistency in studies reporting on upper limb morbidity after SLNB. We present a prospective study evaluating upper limb function after SLNB using the validated quickDASH questionnaire.

Materials and methods: Consecutive patients who underwent wide local excision and SLNB were included in the study. Arm function was assessed using the quickDASH questionnaire at 3 time points - prior to surgery and 2 weeks and 3 months after SLNB. The scores obtained were labeled as A, B, and C respectively. The mean and median scores were compared using the paired t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.

Results: Ninety-nine patients met all inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The mean A, B, and C scores were 8.46, 16.05, and 13.36. The median A, B, and C scores were 2.27, 7.5, and 4.54. There was a statistically significant difference between mean and median A and B scores, B and C scores, and A and C scores. A similar trend was observed in patients with better preoperative upper limb function. Patients with a higher body mass index had significantly worse B and C scores.

Conclusion: There is a significant deterioration in upper limb function following SLNB. This improves at 3 months but does not reach baseline levels. Larger studies with long-term follow-up are required to establish the extent of upper limb functional morbidity and natural course of functional recovery after SLNB.

Keywords: Axilla; Breast cancer; QuickDASH; Sentinel node biopsy; Upper limb function.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / physiopathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Node Excision / adverse effects
  • Lymph Node Excision / methods*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Patient Reported Outcome Measures
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life
  • Range of Motion, Articular
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / adverse effects
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / methods*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Upper Extremity / physiopathology*