Introduction: Ovarian cancer has only a 17% 5-year survival rate in patients diagnosed with late stage disease. Tumor-associated glycoprotein-72 (TAG72), expressed in 88% of all stages of ovarian cancer, is an excellent candidate for antibody-targeted therapy, as it is not expressed in normal human adult tissues, except in the secretory endometrium.
Methods: Using the clinically relevant anti-TAG72 murine monoclonal antibody CC49, we evaluated antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) incorporating the highly potent, synthetic antimitotic agent monomethylauristatin E (MMAE). MMAE was conjugated to CC49 via reduced disulfides in the hinge region, using three different types of linker chemistry, vinylsulfone (VS-MMAE), bromoacetamido (Br-MMAE), and maleimido (mal-MMAE).
Results: The drug antibody ratios (DARs) of the three ADCs were 2.3 for VS-MMAE, 10 for Br-MMAE, and 9.5 for mal-MMAE. All three ADCs exhibited excellent tumor to blood ratios on PET imaging, but the absolute uptake of CC49-mal-MMAE (3.3%ID/g) was low compared to CC49-Br-MMAE (6.43%ID/g), at 142 hours. Blood clearance at 43 hours was 38% for intact CC49, about 24% for both CC49-VS-MMAE and CC49-Br-MMAE, and 7% for CC49-mal-MMAE. CC49-VS-MMAE was not further studied due to its low DAR, while CC49-mal-MMAE was ineffective in the OVCAR3 xenograft likely due to its rapid blood clearance. In contrast, CC49-Br-MMAE treated mice exhibited an average of a 15.6 day tumor growth delay and a 40% increase in survival vs controls with four doses of 7.5 or 15 mg/kg of CC49-Br-MMAE.
Conclusion: We conclude that CC49-Br-MMAE with a high DAR and stable linker performs well in a difficult to treat solid tumor model.
Keywords: TAG72; antibody drug conjugate; ovarian cancer.
© 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.