Perioperative Outcome of Suprarenal Resection of Vena Cava Without Reconstruction in Urologic Malignancies: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

Urology. 2020 Aug:142:146-154. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2020.02.042. Epub 2020 Apr 24.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the feasibility and perioperative outcome of suprarenal resection of inferior vena cava (IVC) in urologic neoplasms without reconstruction.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the patients who underwent suprarenal resection of IVC without reconstruction for urologic neoplasms in our institution between September 2010 and October 2019. Patients' demographic, clinical, radiologic, and 90-day perioperative complications were recorded.

Results: Twenty-eight (79% male) patients with a median age of 59 (25-75) years were included in the study. Twenty-five (89%) of patients had renal cell carcinoma, 1 had renal leiomyosarcoma, and 2 had metastatic testicular teratoma. Twenty-two patients had Mayo level 3 thrombus, 3 had level 2, and 3 had level 4. The mean radiologic thrombus length was 12.6 cm. Eleven patients had radiologic bland thrombosis in the infrarenal IVC. Twenty-seven patients underwent open, and 1 robotic surgery. The median operating time was 411 (range 240-808) minutes, median blood loss was 3750 cc, and all but 1 patient received perioperative transfusion (median 11 units of packed red blood cells). Median hospital stay was 5 (3-50) days. Ninety-day complication rate was 35% (Clavien-Dindo grade I/II and III/IV were 21% and 14%, respectively). Four patients (14%) developed transient nondisabling leg edema. The 90-day mortality rate was 7%.

Conclusion: Suprarenal inferior vena cava resection without reconstruction is feasible, yet high-risk operation that should be performed in experienced centers in selected patients with urologic malignancies.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Loss, Surgical / statistics & numerical data
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nephrectomy / adverse effects*
  • Nephrectomy / methods
  • Nephrectomy / statistics & numerical data
  • Operative Time
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Thrombectomy / adverse effects*
  • Thrombectomy / methods
  • Thrombectomy / statistics & numerical data
  • Thrombosis / diagnosis
  • Thrombosis / etiology
  • Thrombosis / mortality
  • Thrombosis / surgery*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urologic Neoplasms / complications
  • Urologic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Urologic Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Vena Cava, Inferior / diagnostic imaging
  • Vena Cava, Inferior / surgery*
  • Young Adult