Impact of dispatcher assisted CPR on ROSC rates: A National Cohort Study

Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Jun:44:333-338. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.037. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Abstract

Introduction: Out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of mortality. Bystander CPR is associated with increased OHCA survival rates. Dispatcher assisted CPR (DA-CPR) increases rates of bystander CPR, shockable rhythm prevalence, and improves ROSC rates. The aim of this article was to quantify and qualify DA-CPR (acceptance/rejection), ROSC, shockable rhythms, and associations between factors as seen in MDA, Israel, during 2018.

Methods: All 2018 OHCA incidents in Israel's national EMS database were studied retrospectively. We identified rates and reasons for DA-CPR acceptance or rejection. Reasons DA-CPR was rejected/non-feasible by caller were categorized into 5 groups. ROSC was the primary outcome. We created two study groups: 1) No DA-CPR (n = 542). 2) DA-CPR & team CPR (n = 1768).

Results: DA-CPR was accepted by caller 76.5% of incidents. In group 1, ROSC rates were significantly lower compared to patients in group 2 (12.4% vs. 21.3% p < .001). Group 1 had 12.4% shockable rhythms vs. 17.1% in group 2 (DA-CPR and team CPR). Of the total 369 shockable cases, 42.3% (156) achieved ROSC, in the non-shockable rhythms only 14.8% achieved ROSC.

Conclusions: OHCA victims receiving dispatcher assisted bystander CPR have higher rates of ROSC and more prevalence of shockable rhythms. MDA dispatchers offer DA-CPR and it is accepted 76.5% of the time. MDA patients receiving DA-CPR had higher ROSC rates and more shockable rhythms. MDA's age demographic is high, possibly affecting ROSC and shockable rhythm rates.

Keywords: DA-CPR; OHCA; ROSC; Shockable rhythms.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / standards*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Emergency Medical Dispatcher*
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Israel
  • Male
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies