Objective: To explore the clinical experience in care for deep neck infection (DNI) and to analyze the factors influencing surgical treatment outcome. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 patients with DNI admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from March 2013 to April 2019, including 33 males and 28 females, aged from 6 months to 81 years with a median age of 49 years. Patients were divided into two groups, 31 cases with localized infection (neck abscess) in Group A and 30 cases with diffuse infection (neck necrotizing fasciitis) in Group B. Patients in two groups were compared for sex, age, hospital stay, diabetes, tracheostomy, drainage methods, mediastinal infection, and pathogenic bacteria. The influence of different drainage methods on hospital stay in Group A was analyzed. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Of the 61 patients, 45 patients underwent surgical incision and drainage (21 cases in Group A and 24 cases in Group B), 23 patients underwent ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (UG-FNA) and catheter drainage (10 cases in Group A and 13 cases in Group B), and 7 patients in Group B were treated with both drainage methods. Pathogens were cultured in 31 cases (50.82%). There were significant differences in hospital stay, drainage method and mediastinal infection (χ(2) values were 26.890, 8.687 and 6.035, respectively, P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in sex, age, diabetes, tracheotomy and pathogenic bacteria (χ(2) values were 0.157, 3.685, 2.434, 3.631 and 0.807, respectively, P>0.05) between the two groups. There was no significant difference in hospital stay between two drainage methods in patients in Group A (χ(2)=1.560, P>0.05). Conclusions: There were significant differences in hospital stay, drainage method and mediastinal infection between patients with localized infection and diffuse infection, as diffuse infection is often associated with serious complications. UG-FNA and catheter drainage is an optional method for the treatment of localized infection, with minimal invasion and no influence on hospital stay.
目的： 探讨颈深部感染（deep neck infection，DNI）患者的临床治疗经验，分析影响外科治疗的因素。 方法： 回顾性分析2013年3月至2019年4月于烟台毓璜顶医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科收治的61例DNI患者的临床资料，其中男33例，女28例，年龄6个月~81岁，中位年龄49岁。DNI患者根据感染局限还是弥漫性表现分为2组，局限性感染即颈部脓肿组31例（A组），弥漫性感染即颈部坏死性筋膜炎组30例（B组）。对2组患者在性别、年龄、住院时间、是否患有糖尿病、是否行气管切开术、引流方式、是否合并纵隔感染、脓液是否培养出致病菌这些因素上进行比较，并分析A组内患者采取不同的引流方式对住院时间的影响。以SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行统计分析。 结果： 61例患者中行切开引流者45例次（A组21例次，B组24例次），行B超引导下穿刺置管引流者23例次（A组10例次，B组13例次），2种方法均使用者7例次（A组0例次，B组7例次）。50.82%（31/61）患者脓液或引流液培养出致病菌。2组患者在住院时间、引流方式及是否伴纵隔感染上差异有统计学意义（χ(2)值分别为26.890、8.687和6.035，P值均<0.05）。2组患者在性别、年龄、是否患有糖尿病、是否行气管切开术、脓液是否培养出致病菌上差异无统计学意义（χ(2)值分别为0.157、3.685、2.434、3.631和0.807，P值均>0.05）。A组患者采取不同的引流方式，对住院时间的影响差异无统计学意义（χ(2)=1.560，P>0.05）。 结论： 颈深部感染中局限性感染与弥漫性感染者的住院时间、引流方式、是否伴纵隔感染是不同的，考虑弥漫性感染往往合并严重的并发症。B超引导下穿刺置管引流是治疗局限性感染的可选方式，具有微创的优点，且不会影响患者的住院时间。.
Keywords: Deep neck; Drainage; Fasciitis, necrotizing; Infection; Neck abscess.