Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether luteolin delays the progress of diabetic nephropathy (DN) induced by streptozotocin.
Methods: Fifty-three healthy, 8-week-old, male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control (n = 6), model (n = 23), and experimental groups (n = 24). The rat model of diabetic nephropathy was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Rats in the experimental group were administered luteolin suspension of 80 mg/kg daily for 8 weeks. Blood glucose levels and body weight were recorded until the fourth week. After intragastric administration, blood flow and the protective effect of luteolin on diabetic nephropathy were evaluated.
Results: The degree of renal apoptosis and fibrosis in the experimental group was milder, and glomerular structure was more complete compared with the model group. Nphs2 staining suggested that luteolin delayed apoptosis and deletion and fusion of podocytes under high glucose levels, and protected the filtration function of the basement membrane by upregulating Nphs2 protein expression. Time intensity curve results suggested that luteolin delayed deterioration of renal haemodynamics under hyperglycaemia.
Conclusions: This study shows that luteolin delays progression of diabetic nephropathy. This drug has potential wide applicability in future clinical application.
Keywords: Streptozotocin (STZ); contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS); diabetic nephropathy (DN); glucose; luteolin; renal haemodynamics.