Effectiveness of omalizumab on patient reported outcomes, lung function, and inflammatory markers in severe allergic asthma

Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Sep:179:113944. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113944. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Abstract

Background: Omalizumab arose as a therapeutic option in patients suffering from moderate to severe refractory allergic asthma. It acts as a humanized monoclonal antibody neutralizing circulating IgE antibodies. Randomized clinical trials and real life clinical studies have already confirmed benefits, cost-effectiveness and applicability of the medication.

Method: Our study retrospectively reports on the clinical outcomes and airway inflammation in 157 severe allergic asthmatics who were initiated with omalizumab between 2007 and 2019.

Results: After 4 months of therapy, 76% of the patients were judged to have benefited from omalizumab and were admitted to prolonged treatment. During follow-up, we observed an improvement in asthma control, quality of life and spirometric performance. There was also a sustained reduction in exacerbation rate over the years. As for T2 biomarkers, FeNO significantly decreased and, in a subgroup of patients who had repeated sputum inductions, there was also significant reduction in sputum eosinophils but no change in blood eosinophil count. Lastly, we found a correlation between high FeNO levels at baseline and reduction in ACQ scores at 1 year.

Conclusion: We conclude that omalizumab shows effectiveness in severe allergic asthma in a real life setting, by reducing exacerbation rate, improving patient perspective outcomes and airway calibre, together with reducing type-2 airway inflammation.

Keywords: Inflammatory markers; Omalizumab; Predicting factors; Real life effectiveness; Severe asthma.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Allergic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Asthma / drug therapy*
  • Asthma / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung / drug effects*
  • Lung / physiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Omalizumab / therapeutic use*
  • Quality of Life
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Allergic Agents
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents
  • Omalizumab