Revisiting Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2020 Jun 8;59(24):9678-9683. doi: 10.1002/anie.202001803. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Abstract

Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole presents a π-skeleton with a remarkable electronic structure and interesting potential applications. It is, however, also associated with ambiguity and controversy. Herein, new derivatives of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole are reported and they have enabled a comprehensive study on the electronic structure of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole and the development of a new n-type organic semiconductor. Experimental and computational studies show that indolo[3,2-b]carbazole has a largely localized p-benzoquinonediimine moiety and significant antiaromaticity. When substituted with (4-silylethynyl)phenyl groups, the indolo[3,2-b]carbazole exhibits one-dimensional π-π stacking and functions as an n-type organic semiconductor in solution-processed field effect transistors.

Keywords: antiaromaticity; fused-ring systems; heterocycles; organic semiconductors; polycycles.