The Role of Prognostic Factors in Salivary Gland Tumors Treated by Surgery and Adjuvant Radio- or Chemoradiotherapy - A Single Institution Experience

Izabela Kordzińska-Cisek; Paweł Cisek; Ludmiła Grzybowska-Szatkowska

doi:10.2147/CMAR.S233431

The Role of Prognostic Factors in Salivary Gland Tumors Treated by Surgery and Adjuvant Radio- or Chemoradiotherapy - A Single Institution Experience

Cancer Manag Res. 2020 Feb 11:12:1047-1067. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S233431. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Izabela Kordzińska-Cisek^{1

2}, Paweł Cisek^{1

2}, Ludmiła Grzybowska-Szatkowska^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Oncology, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
² St. John's Oncology Center in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

Abstract

Purpose: Salivary gland neoplasms are rare cancers of the head and neck region. Radical treatment in tumors of large salivary glands is surgery. Adjuvant treatment depends on the presence of risk factors that worsen the prognosis, but the role of these factors in patients treated by surgery with radio- or radiochemotherapy still remains unclear. The aim of the study is assessment of treatment results and identification of the risk factors affecting the prognosis in patients with tumors of large salivary glands subjected to adjuvant radio- or radiochemotherapy.

Patients and methods: The study included 126 patients with local stage large salivary gland cancer who were treated surgically with adjuvant radio- or radiochemotherapy. The study excluded inoperable patients, patients with distant metastases, patients in a poor general condition and patients with contraindications to adjuvant treatment. They were treated between 2006 and 2016 and evaluated in terms of OS (overall survival), CSS (cancer-specific survival), RFS (relapse-free survival) and LRFS (local relapse-free survival).

Results: During a 44-month follow-up, 5-OS, CSS, RFS and LRFS were 55%, 68%, 60% and 73%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that OS was influenced by the following parameters: WHO performance status, TNM stage (T and N parameters), radicality of surgery, histopathological type, applied method of radiotherapy planning and tumor volume. WHO performance status, T and N parameters of the TNM stage and large volume of elective area influenced CSS, and the T parameter of the TNM stage, the dose below 60Gy and tumor volume influenced RFS and LRFS. Chemoradiotherapy can be used in N-positive patients.

Conclusion: The analysis indicates that the TNM grade, histopathological type, patient's condition, radicality of the procedure, technique and dose of radiotherapy are the most important prognostic factors in these patients.

Keywords: parotid cancer; prognosis; radiochemotherapy; radiotherapy; risk factors; salivary gland cancer.