Rationale: Intestinal hypoganglionosis most commonly presents in infancy or childhood, with only a few cases reported in adults. Those are mainly diagnosed after elective surgery for long-standing constipation and megacolon.
Patient concerns: We report a case of a 48-year-old female from China who presented with symptoms of discontinuation of bowel movements for 2 months. A hard, round mass could be felt in her right lower abdomen.
Diagnosis: The following examination methods diagnosed acquired segmental sigmoid hypoganglionosis. An abdominal computed tomography revealed a dilatation of the colon and suspicious wall thickening of the sigmoid colon. Anorectal manometry revealed relaxation of the anal sphincter. Histological examination revealed lower numbers and the degeneration of ganglion cells.
Interventions: Sigmoidectomy and transverse colostomy.
Outcomes: The patient recovered well from surgery. Three months after the surgery, barium enema revealed a recovery in colorectal dilatation.
Lessons: This case could help raise awareness of acquired segmental hypoganglionosis. Resection of TZ and enterostomy presents an effective remission strategy for patients at risk of anastomotic leakage due to poor intestinal conditions.