Pediatric Kaposi's sarcoma associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Pediatr Dermatol. 2020 Jan;37(1):239-240. doi: 10.1111/pde.14056. Epub 2019 Nov 22.

Abstract

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) represents paradoxical immune-mediated inflammation in response to an infecting pathogen, occurring after initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), concomitantly with immune system recovery. It has also been described in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). We report a case of a 9-year-old Guinean girl, who developed Kaposi's sarcoma, following introduction of ART. KS associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is rare, especially in children, but with the increased use of ART is becoming more prevalent.

Keywords: Kaposi's sarcoma; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / complications
  • Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Dideoxynucleosides / administration & dosage
  • Dideoxynucleosides / adverse effects
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / chemically induced*
  • Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / etiology
  • Lamivudine / administration & dosage
  • Lamivudine / adverse effects
  • Lopinavir / administration & dosage
  • Lopinavir / adverse effects
  • Ritonavir / administration & dosage
  • Ritonavir / adverse effects
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / drug therapy*
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / etiology
  • Sarcoma, Kaposi / pathology

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Dideoxynucleosides
  • Lopinavir
  • Lamivudine
  • Ritonavir
  • abacavir