Does early and late life depression differ in residual symptoms, functioning and quality of life among the first-episode major depressive patients

Asian J Psychiatr. 2020 Jan:47:101843. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2019.101843. Epub 2019 Oct 16.

Abstract

Aims & objectives: Age differences exist in many aspects in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The present study aims to examine the effect of age on treatment outcomes in first-episode MDD.

Methodology: A total of 982 first-episode major depressive patients, who were above 18 years old and admitted in both psychiatric hospitals and units of general hospitals were recruited for the present study. These patients were newly treated and responded to 8-12 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Depressive symptoms, psychosocial functioning and quality of life were measured using standardized instruments. The study population was divided into three age groups: early adult (18-44 years old), middle adult (45-59 years old), and late adult (60-85 years old).

Results: Earlier age was associated with greater symptom severity, severer depressive symptoms in hypersomnia, concentration/decision making, negative view of the self, suicide ideation and restlessness, more impaired function, poorer satisfaction in social relationship and economic status, when compared to late adults with MDD (all P < 0.05). In the multivariable analyses, among the other variables, early age remained as an independent correlation of residual depressive severity (middle age vs. early age: OR = 0.631, 95%CI[0.462, 0.862]; old age vs. early age: OR = 0.521, 95%CI[0.348, 0.780]) and functional impairment. Comorbidity of physical illness had a negative contribution to all treatment outcomes.

Conclusion: In first major depressive episode, early age was strongly associated with depressive severity and functional impairment after responding to antidepressant treatment. Early-life depression may be an indicator of MDD for poor clinical outcomes and high clinical burden.

Keywords: Age-of-onset; Depression; Functioning; Quality of life; Residual symptoms.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antidepressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / drug therapy
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care*
  • Quality of Life*
  • Remission Induction
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antidepressive Agents