Concomitant temporary mechanical support in high-risk coronary artery bypass surgery

J Card Surg. 2019 Dec;34(12):1569-1572. doi: 10.1111/jocs.14295. Epub 2019 Oct 26.

Abstract

Objectives: Patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) undergoing high-risk coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are at increased risk for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock. This report describes planned concomitant microaxial temporary mechanical support (MA-TMS) device placement as a viable bridge-to-recovery strategy for high-risk patients receiving surgical revascularization.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all patients from October 2017 to May 2019 with low LVEF (<30%), New York Heart Association Class III or IV symptoms, and myocardial viability who underwent CABG with prophylactic MA-TMS support at a single institution (n = 13).

Results: Mean patient age was 64.8 years, and 12 patients (92%) were male. Eight patients (62%) presented with acute coronary syndrome. Mean predicted risk of mortality was 4.6%, ranging from 0.6% to 15.6%. An average of 3.4 grafts were performed per patient. Greater than 60% of patients were extubated within 48 hours and out-of-bed within 72 hours, and the average duration of MA-TMS was 5.7 days. Mean postoperative length of stay was 16.7 days. There were no postoperative myocardial infarctions or deaths.

Conclusions: Prophylactic MA-TMS may allow safe and effective surgical revascularization for patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction who may otherwise be offered a durable ventricular assist device.

Keywords: coronary artery bypass; mechanical circulatory support; temporary circulatory support.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / complications
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / mortality
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / surgery*
  • Aged
  • Assisted Circulation*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / complications
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Heart Failure / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Shock, Cardiogenic / prevention & control*
  • Stroke Volume / physiology
  • Survival Rate
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / complications
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / mortality
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / surgery*