Australian beef industry worker's knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Q fever: A pilot study

Vaccine. 2019 Oct 8;37(43):6336-6341. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.09.020. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

Abstract

Background: Q fever is a vaccine-preventable zoonotic infection with potentially severe health outcomes and high economic costs that affects agricultural workers, including beef and cattle industry workers, however this population historically have sub-optimal vaccine uptake.

Objective: To gather quantitative and qualitative pilot data from Australian beef industry workers on their knowledge, attitudes and practices around Q fever and Q fever vaccination.

Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to ascertain the Q fever disease risk perception and vaccination behavior of a purposive convenience sample of beef industry workers attending an industry expo in Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia between May 7th and 9th, 2018.

Results: The quantitative survey response rate was 83% (n = 86). More than 70% of respondents reported exposure to known Q fever risk factors. Eighty six percent were aware of Q fever, the self-reported uptake of Q fever vaccine was 27% and 9% reported undertaking testing which showed evidence of previous infection. Five main themes emerged from the qualitative data: "Finding the time" among other life priorities to attend a doctor for a vaccine; "Employer responsibility" to provide the vaccine; "My doctor knows me" and could suggest Q fever vaccination; "Assigning Risk" across a range of attitudes, including thinking it would not happen to them, 'fatalism', and knowing the danger but taking the risk anyway; and "The Need for Outreach" vaccine delivery services in their communities.

Significance: These data suggest that a coordinated public health approach to testing and vaccine provision, coupled with an awareness campaign among regional doctors to prompt them to routinely ask patients about their Q fever risk and vaccination history, should form part of a broad approach to Q fever control and prevention.

Keywords: Attitudes; Australia; Beef farmer; Q fever; Vaccine; Zoonosis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Animals
  • Bacterial Vaccines / administration & dosage
  • Cattle
  • Farmers / psychology*
  • Female
  • Food Industry*
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pilot Projects
  • Q Fever / epidemiology
  • Q Fever / psychology*
  • Queensland / epidemiology
  • Red Meat*
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Vaccination / psychology*
  • Young Adult
  • Zoonoses / epidemiology
  • Zoonoses / prevention & control

Substances

  • Bacterial Vaccines