Motor Neuron and Pancreas Homeobox 1 (MNX1) Is Involved in Promoting Squamous Cervical Cancer Proliferation via Regulating Cyclin E

Med Sci Monit. 2019 Aug 22:25:6304-6312. doi: 10.12659/MSM.914233.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies worldwide. The objective of this study was to assess the role of MNX1 in cervical cancer and its underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS The expression of motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1 (MNX1) in immortal epithelial cervical cell line ECT, cervical cancer cell HeLa, and SiHa and cervical cancer, as well as in adjacent noncancer tissues, was detected and analyzed. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were performed to evaluate the effects of MNX1 overexpression on cervical cancer cell proliferation. Transwell assay was used to detect migration and invasion after MNX1 knockdown or overexpression. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to examine MNX1 and cell cycle regulator expression. RESULTS Data from our study indicated that MNX1 was upregulated both in cervical cancer cell lines and cervical cancer tissues. The high levels of MNX1 are related to advanced stages and lymph nodes metastasis. The overexpression of MNX1 promoted cervical cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, MNX1 upregulated 2 critical cell cycle regulators, CCNE1 and CCNE2. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal MNX1 as a novel oncogene of cervical cancer and indicate MNX1 is a promising therapeutic and prognostic biomarker.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle / physiology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • Cyclin E / genetics*
  • Cyclin E / metabolism
  • Cyclins / genetics*
  • Cyclins / metabolism
  • Female
  • Genes, Homeobox
  • HeLa Cells
  • Homeodomain Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics*
  • Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / genetics*
  • Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / metabolism
  • Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Oncogene Proteins / genetics*
  • Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / biosynthesis
  • Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology

Substances

  • CCNE1 protein, human
  • CCNE2 protein, human
  • Cyclin E
  • Cyclins
  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • MNX1 protein, human
  • Oncogene Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Transcription Factors