Anti-Müllerian hormone in association with euploid embryo transfer outcomes

Abstract

Research question: To investigate the association between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration and maternal age with single euploid cryopreserved embryo transfer.

Design: Retrospective cohort study from 2014 to 2018 at an academic medical centre, including 389 cycles of IVF with 24-chromosome Day 5/6 preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies (PGT-A). Multivariate logistic regression was used to study AMH and age in relation to IVF outcomes (positive beta human chorionic gonadotrophin [bHCG], ongoing pregnancy and pregnancy loss rates) for patients with at least one euploid embryo for transfer, controlling for patient and cycle confounders.

Results: In this cohort the overall unadjusted positive bHCG rate was 69.2% and ongoing pregnancy rate was 52.7% per transfer, while the pregnancy loss rate was 23.4% per cycle with positive bHCG. Multivariate analysis found that compared with the reference group of AMH 1 to <5 ng/ml, AMH <1 and 5+ did not have any significant difference in positive bHCG (odds ratio, OR 0.65 [0.30-1.44] and 1.27 [0.61-2.65] for AMH <1 and AMH 5+, respectively) or ongoing pregnancy (OR 0.80 [0.43-1.50] and 1.41 [0.68-2.90]). However, AMH <1 had statistically significant lower euploid miscarriage rates compared with the reference group with OR 0.32 (0.12-0.85, P = 0.022); AMH 5+ did not have any statistical difference in miscarriage rate. Neither age at retrieval nor age at transfer were significantly associated with transfer outcomes.

Conclusions: AMH concentration was not associated with positive bHCG or ongoing pregnancy for euploid embryo transfers after adjustment for potential confounders. Maternal age was not associated with euploid transfer outcomes. Further study is warranted in larger cohorts.

Keywords: Anti-Müllerian hormone; Cryopreserved embryo transfer; Euploid embryos; Maternal age; Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies.