Ischemic Stroke Associated With Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Inhibitor Therapy for Migraine: A Case Report

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2019 Oct;28(10):104286. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.07.002. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Abstract

Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is involved in nociception and neurogenic inflammation in migraine, but also serves as a potent vasodilator acting on intracranial arteries. This latter effect raises concern about the possibility of drugs inhibiting CGRP precipitating cerebral ischemia. We describe a 41-year-old woman with migraine without aura who developed a right thalamic infarction following a first dose of erenumab, a CGRP-receptor blocker. Stroke onset occurred during a typical migraine. Imaging demonsrated right posterior cerebral artery near-occlusion initially with normalization of the vessel at follow-up imaging 2 months later, suggesting vasospasm as a possible mechanism. Extensive evaluation revealed no other specific cause of stroke or vascular risk factors aside from long-term use of oral contraceptive pills. CGRP inhibitors might be associated with ischemic stroke due to blockade of normal cerebral vasodilatory regulatory function.

Keywords: Migraine; calcitonin gene-related peptide; ischemic stroke; side effects.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects*
  • Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery / chemically induced*
  • Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery / drug therapy
  • Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery / physiopathology
  • Migraine without Aura / diagnosis
  • Migraine without Aura / drug therapy*
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery / drug effects*
  • Posterior Cerebral Artery / physiopathology
  • Thrombolytic Therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Patency / drug effects
  • Vasospasm, Intracranial / chemically induced*
  • Vasospasm, Intracranial / diagnostic imaging
  • Vasospasm, Intracranial / drug therapy
  • Vasospasm, Intracranial / physiopathology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists
  • erenumab