Comparison of primary versus secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with type2 diabetes: Focus on achievement of ABC goals

Abstract

Background: Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease is of utmost importance in the management of patients with diabetes.

Objectives: We studied a group of Iranian patients with type2 diabetes to provide an overview of the current status of secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the Middle East.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 2029 Patients with type2 diabetes including 323 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were recruited. Achievement of goals in HbA1c (A), blood pressure (B) and LDL-cholesterol(C) was assessed.

Results: The study showed 25.3% of CAD positive patients achieved HbA1c <7% compared to 30% in CAD negative patients. The achievement of blood pressure ≤140/90 mmHg was 53.2% and 52.8% in CAD positive and CAD negative patients respectively. There was no difference in the achievement of all three ABC goals between the two groups (p = 0.733). After logistic regression analysis, history of hypertension had the highest odds ratio for CAD.

Conclusion: Although ABC control has an important impact on the prevention of cardiovascular outcomes, the ideal goal needs further efforts to be achieved.

Keywords: Cardiovascular risk factors; Coronary artery disease; Primary prevention; Secondary prevention; Type 2 diabetes.