Structures of Hsp90α and Hsp90β bound to a purine-scaffold inhibitor reveal an exploitable residue for drug selectivity

Proteins. 2019 Oct;87(10):869-877. doi: 10.1002/prot.25750. Epub 2019 Jun 12.

Abstract

Hsp90α and Hsp90β are implicated in a number of cancers and neurodegenerative disorders but the lack of selective pharmacological probes confounds efforts to identify their individual roles. Here, we analyzed the binding of an Hsp90α-selective PU compound, PU-11-trans, to the two cytosolic paralogs. We determined the co-crystal structures of Hsp90α and Hsp90β bound to PU-11-trans, as well as the structure of the apo Hsp90β NTD. The two inhibitor-bound structures reveal that Ser52, a nonconserved residue in the ATP binding pocket in Hsp90α, provides additional stability to PU-11-trans through a water-mediated hydrogen-bonding network. Mutation of Ser52 to alanine, as found in Hsp90β, alters the dissociation constant of Hsp90α for PU-11-trans to match that of Hsp90β. Our results provide a structural explanation for the binding preference of PU inhibitors for Hsp90α and demonstrate that the single nonconserved residue in the ATP-binding pocket may be exploited for α/β selectivity.

Keywords: Hsp90alpha; Hsp90beta; inhibitor; paralog selectivity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Amino Acids / chemistry
  • Amino Acids / genetics
  • Amino Acids / metabolism*
  • Drug Development
  • Drug Discovery*
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / chemistry
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / genetics
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Mutation
  • Protein Conformation
  • Purines / chemistry
  • Purines / metabolism*
  • Sequence Homology

Substances

  • Amino Acids
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • HSP90AA2P protein, human
  • HSP90AB1 protein, human
  • Purines