DT-13 suppresses breast cancer metastasis by modulating PLOD2 in the adipocytes microenvironment

Phytomedicine. 2019 Jun:59:152778. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.001. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Abstract

Background: Metastasis is the main cause of death in breast cancer and previous researches have indicated the pivotal role of adipocytes in breast cancer metastasis. DT-13, the saponin monomer 13 of the Dwarf lilyturf tuber, has been proved to exert potential anti-metastatic effect, the detailed mechanisms have not been well elucidated and the role of DT-13 in modulating adipocyte-breast cancer microenvironment has been given little attention.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the mechanisms of DT-13 in inhibiting breast cancer metastasis and whether DT-13 inhibit breast cancer metastasis via modulating the interactions between adipocytes and breast cancer cells.

Methods: The cytotoxic effect of DT-13 on breast cancer cell viability was detected by MTT assay. Migration assays was used to conduct the effect of DT-13 on breast cancer cells migration. Orthotopic xenograft tumor model was used to test the effect of DT-13 on breast cancer metastasis. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the mechanisms of DT-13 inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.

Results: DT-13 inhibited breast cancer cells migration at the concentration without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, DT-13 decreased PLOD2 expression through modulating JAK/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways directly or indirectly in the adipocyte-breast cancer microenvironment. Orthotopic implantation mouse model of breast cancer further confirmed that DT-13 inhibited breast cancer metastasis via downregulating PLOD2 in vivo.

Conclusion: DT-13 suppressed breast cancer metastasis via reducing the expression of PLOD2.

Keywords: DT-13; JAK/STAT3; Metastasis; PI3K/AKT; PLOD2.

MeSH terms

  • Adipocytes / drug effects*
  • Adipocytes / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Down-Regulation / drug effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mice, SCID
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Saponins / pharmacology*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Tumor Microenvironment / drug effects
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • STAT3 protein, human
  • Saponins
  • ruscogenin-1-O-(glucopyranosyl-(1-2))(xylopyranosyl-(1-3))fucopyranoside
  • PLOD2 protein, human
  • Procollagen-Lysine, 2-Oxoglutarate 5-Dioxygenase
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt