High delayed mortality after the first episode of Clostridium difficile infection

Anaerobe. 2019 Jun:57:93-98. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.04.004. Epub 2019 Apr 5.

Abstract

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is characterized by a high delayed and unrelated mortality. Predicting delayed mortality in CDI patients could allow the implementation of interventions that could reduce these events. A prospective multicentric study was carried out to investigate prognostic factors associated with mortality. It was based on a cohort (July 2015 to February 2016) of 295 patients presenting with CDI. Logistic regression was used and the model was calibrated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The mortality rate at 75 days in our series was 18%. Age (>65 years), comorbidity (defined by heart failure, diabetes mellitus with any organ lesion, renal failure, active neoplasia or immunosuppression) and fecal incontinence at clinical presentation were associated with delayed (75-day) mortality. When present, each of the aforementioned variables added one point to the score. Mortalities with 0, 1, 2 and 3 points were 0%, 9.4%, 18.5% and 38.2%, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.743, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test p value was 0.875. Therefore, the prediction of high delayed mortality in CDI patients by our scoring system could promote measures for increasing survival in suitable cases.

Keywords: Aged; Clostridium difficile; Comorbidity; Fecal incontinence; Immunosuppression; Mortality.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Clostridium Infections / complications
  • Clostridium Infections / mortality*
  • Comorbidity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Survival Analysis
  • Time Factors