Preoperative exposure to anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in ulcerative colitis patients undergoing ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is not associated with histological fibrosis: A case control study

Int J Surg. 2019 May:65:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.03.016. Epub 2019 Mar 26.

Abstract

Background: We sought to determine whether preoperative exposure to anti-TNF therapy affects objective histological measures of fibrosis in the colorectum.

Methods: Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients who received infliximab as maintenance therapy pre IPAA surgery were identified and compared to anti-TNF-naïve matched controls by age, sex, BMI, disease duration, albumin levels, and post-operative leak outcome. Hematoxylin and eosin- (H&E) and trichrome-stained slides from the most distal, well-oriented, full-thickness section of colorectum from each patient's total colectomy specimen were evaluated. Blinded histopathological assessment of the degree of fibrosis was performed using a semi-quantitative pictorial scale.

Results: Histological fibrosis in 65 patients from the therapy group was compared to 65 patients from the matched control group. There were no statistically significant differences in the degree of fibrosis observed in any of the bowel layers. In the lamina propria, 29% of the control group and 28% of the treatment group had fibrosis scores ≥3. Fibrosis scores were higher in the submucosa, with both groups having 66% of patients showing scores ≥3. Similarly, in the region above the muscularis propria, 77% of the control group and 80% of the treatment group had fibrosis scores ≥3. In the subserosa, fibrosis scores were lower, with 25% of the control group and 32% of the treatment group having fibrosis scores ≥3.

Conclusion: Resection specimens from UC patients treated with maintenance anti-TNF therapy who underwent IPAA surgery showed no significant differences in the degree of histologic fibrosis in any of the bowel layers compared to a matched control group.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / pathology*
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / surgery*
  • Colonic Pouches
  • Female
  • Fibrosis
  • Gastrointestinal Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Infliximab / therapeutic use*
  • Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Proctocolectomy, Restorative / adverse effects*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Substances

  • Gastrointestinal Agents
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Infliximab