Children's appraisals of maternal depression and responses to emotional faces in early-adolescence: An Event Related Potential (ERP) study

J Affect Disord. 2019 May 1:250:241-248. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.038. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Abstract

Background: Parental depression represents a significant risk for depression development in offspring. While cognitive mechanisms represent a central risk pathway, children's appraisals of parental symptoms have been understudied. This study examined associations between children's self-blame, threat, and frequency/duration appraisals for maternal symptoms in relation to cognitive control and emotional response processes.

Methods: Sixty mother-daughter (aged 10-14-years) pairs participated. Affective processing was assessed by three Event Related Potential (ERP) components, the N2, P3, and LPP, during an emotional Go/NoGo task.

Results: Threat-appraisals were associated with alterations in all three ERP components, independently of maternal diagnostic histories or youth depressive symptoms. Self-blame was associated with early attentional engagement towards calm faces. Independent effects of maternal depression history and youth symptoms were also observed.

Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of youth perceptions of maternal depressive symptoms in models of depression-risk.

Keywords: Appraisals; EEG; Emotional Go/NoGo; Parental depression.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Attention / physiology
  • Child
  • Child Behavior / psychology*
  • Depression, Postpartum / psychology*
  • Depressive Disorder / psychology*
  • Electroencephalography
  • Emotions / physiology
  • Evoked Potentials / physiology
  • Facial Expression*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Maternal Health
  • Mother-Child Relations / psychology*
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology