Directed Evolution of Split APEX2 Peroxidase

ACS Chem Biol. 2019 Apr 19;14(4):619-635. doi: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00919. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Abstract

APEX is an engineered peroxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of a wide range of substrates, facilitating its use in a variety of applications from subcellular staining for electron microscopy to proximity biotinylation for spatial proteomics and transcriptomics. To further advance the capabilities of APEX, we used directed evolution to engineer a split APEX tool (sAPEX). A total of 20 rounds of fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS)-based selections from yeast-displayed fragment libraries, using 3 different surface display configurations, produced a 200-amino-acid N-terminal fragment (with 9 mutations relative to APEX2) called "AP" and a 50-amino-acid C-terminal fragment called "EX". AP and EX fragments were each inactive on their own but were reconstituted to give peroxidase activity when driven together by a molecular interaction. We demonstrate sAPEX reconstitution in the mammalian cytosol, on engineered RNA motifs within a non-coding RNA scaffold, and at mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Ascorbate Peroxidases / genetics
  • Ascorbate Peroxidases / metabolism*
  • Cell Separation
  • Directed Molecular Evolution / methods*
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Glycine max / enzymology
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Peptide Library
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism*
  • RNA / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics

Substances

  • Peptide Library
  • Plant Proteins
  • RNA
  • Ascorbate Peroxidases