Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Matrix Metalloproteases 11 and 13 as Predictors of Tumor Recurrence and Survival in Stage II Colorectal Cancer

Pathol Oncol Res. 2019 Oct;25(4):1589-1597. doi: 10.1007/s12253-019-00611-6. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Abstract

Current clinical-pathologic stratification factors do not allow clear identification of high-risk stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Therefore, the identification of additional prognostic markers is desirable. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 is activated during tumorigenesis and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are involved in invasion and metastasis. We aimed to evaluate the expression and clinical relevance of TLR4, MMP11 and MMP13 for patients with stage II CRC. Immunohistochemistry was used to study the expression of TLR4, MMP11 and MMP13 in 96 patients with stage II CRC. We measured the global expression and the expression by different cell types (tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and mononuclear inflammatory cells (MICs)). The potential relationship between expressions of factors and different prognostic variables were evaluated. Our results show significant relationships between either TLR4 expression by tumor cells and MMP11 expression by CAFs and high risk of tumor recurrence. In addition, the concurrence of age ≥ 75 years and the non-expression of MMP11 by CAFs identify a subgroup of patients with a good prognosis. Our results show that TLR4 expression by tumor cells and MMP11 expression by CAFs may to improve the identification of patients with stage II CRC with a high-risk of relapse.

Keywords: MMP11; MMP13; Prognostic factor; Stage II colorectal cancer; Survival; TLR4.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 / metabolism*
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / metabolism*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Survival Rate
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism*

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • TLR4 protein, human
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4
  • MMP11 protein, human
  • MMP13 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 11
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 13