Long-term cardiovascular safety of psychostimulants in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2019 Jun;23(2):157-159. doi: 10.1080/13651501.2018.1519078. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Abstract

Objective: Side effects are a concern during psychostimulant treatment. Unfortunately, many previous studies only investigated short-term effects of psychostimulants in laboratory settings which lack clinical daily routines. Methods: We examined 1042 patient records of patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who were referred to a pediatric-psychiatry practice over 12 years. Data analysis was based on 466 children with ADHD who were newly treated with psychostimulants and who were not in treatment for elevated blood pressure. We analysed blood pressure percentiles, heart rate and BMI percentiles. Results: There was a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure percentiles. Heart rate was not affected. BMI slightly declined in girls. Conclusions: In general psychostimulants were safe. To further elucidate negative effects of psychostimulants, long-term controlled and randomized studies in naturalistic settings are of interest.

Keywords: ADHD; BMI; blood pressure; heart rate; psychostimulants.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / drug therapy*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects*
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / adverse effects*
  • Child
  • Child Health Services / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Germany
  • Heart Rate / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Health Services / statistics & numerical data

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants