[Clinical study of endoscopy-assisted lithectomy of parotid gland calculi via a transoral approach]

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Jan 9;54(1):17-22. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2019.01.004.
[Article in Chinese]

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the indications and long-term outcomes of endoscopy-assisted removal of parotid gland calculi via a transoral approach. Methods: From August 2005 to December 2016, 158 consecutive patients with parotid gland calculi underwent endoscopy-assisted lithectomy transorally. They included 71 males and 87 females, with an age of 5-84 years. The immediate safety and effectiveness were evaluated. After surgery, the patients were followed up, and gland function was analyzed on the basis of clinical manifestations, sialography, scintigraphy and sialometry. Postoperative sialograms were categorized into 2 types: ①type Ⅰ, the main duct was normal or had ectasia and stenosis, but no persistent contrast was seen on the functional film; ②type Ⅱ, the main duct had ectasia or stenosis, with persistent contrast media on the functional film. Results: Under one endoscopic procedure, the stones (or foreign bodies) were completely removed in 134 cases and almost completely removed in 10 cases, with a success rate of 91.1% (144/158). Of the 144 successful cases, the treatment options included direct basket retrieval or forceps grasping in 77 cases, basket entrapment with direct ostium incision in 36, basket capture with perio-ostium incision in 23 and perio-ostium incision in 8 cases with impacted stones. In two of the initial 14 failure cases, the stones were discharged spontaneously 3 months after operation. During 3-120 months' follow-up (mean 36 months) of the 146 patients, one had recurrent stone, two developed ductal obturation, 16 had mild symptoms, and the remaining 127 cases were asymptomatic. Of the postoperative sialograms in 34 stone-free patients 25 were type Ⅰ, 9 were type Ⅱ. Both scintigraphy and saliva flow rate indicated an improvement of the affected gland function in some degree (P<0.05). Conclusions: Transoral endoscopy-assisted removal of parotid gland calculi is a safe and effective technique. It is mainly indicated for mobile stones in the main duct or impacted stones in the anterior third of the Stensen's duct. Sialography, scintigraphy and sialometry show postoperative improvement of gland function in most of the cases.

目的: 探讨唾液腺内镜辅助腮腺结石口内途径取出术的适应证及中长期疗效。 方法: 收集2005年8月至2016年12月于北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院医学影像科就诊并采用内镜辅助口内途径取石的158例腮腺结石或异物患者的临床资料,包括男性71例,女性87例,年龄5~84岁;分析取石成功率及并发症;并对患者进行随访,通过临床表现、腮腺造影、核医学及唾液流率检查评价患侧腺体功能。术后患者根据腮腺造影表现分为两型:①Ⅰ型,主导管大致正常或粗细不均,排空正常;②Ⅱ型,主导管有狭窄或扩张,排空迟缓。 结果: 158例患者中144例(91.1%)成功取出,包括经网篮或抓钳直接取出77例;网篮套索结合导管口切开取出36例;网篮套索结合导管旁切开取出23例;余8例嵌于导管前1/3段,网篮套索不成功,经导管旁切开取石。158例中2例经内镜治疗后1~3个月结石自行排出,余12例结石未取出。146例结石或异物取出的患者随访3~120个月(平均36个月),1例结石复发,2例导管闭锁,16例偶有不适,127例无明显自觉症状。34例患者于术后进行患侧腮腺造影检查,造影表现Ⅰ型25例,Ⅱ型9例。核医学检查及唾液流率测定结果均显示术后患侧腺体功能较术前显著提高(P<0.05)。 结论: 内镜辅助腮腺结石口内途径取出术是治疗腮腺结石安全有效的方法;主要适用于主导管内可经网篮套索的移动性结石或导管前1/3段的嵌顿性结石。取石后多数患者腺体功能可恢复。.

Keywords: Endoscopy; Parotid gland; Salivary gland calculi; Treatment outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Endoscopy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parotid Gland* / pathology
  • Salivary Duct Calculi* / therapy
  • Salivary Ducts
  • Salivary Gland Calculi
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult