Purpose: Case reports and small prospective trials suggest that administering targeted therapies to patients with advanced cancer and an identified genomic target may be associated with clinical benefit. The TAPUR Study, a phase II, prospective, non-randomized, multi-basket, pragmatic clinical trial aims to identify signals of drug activity when Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs are matched to pre-specified genomic targets in patients with advanced cancer, outside of approved indications.
Methods: Patients eligible to participate in TAPUR are ages 12 years and older, with advanced, measurable or evaluable solid tumors, multiple myeloma or B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Eligible participants are matched to any of the sixteen FDA approved study drugs based on protocol specified genomic inclusion and exclusion criteria. Genomic profiling from any Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments certified, College of American Pathologists accredited laboratory is acceptable. The treating physician selects the treatment from the available study therapies, or consults with the TAPUR Molecular Tumor Board. Participants are placed into multiple parallel cohorts defined by tumor type, genomic alteration and drug. The primary study endpoint within each cohort is objective response or stable disease of at least 16 weeks duration. Secondary endpoints include safety, progression-free survival and overall survival.
Results: More than 1000 participants have thus far been registered and more than 800 treated with a TAPUR study drug. Two study cohorts have permanently closed to enrollment due to lack of anti-tumor activity and 12 have expanded to the second stage of enrollment due to promising preliminary activity.
Conclusion: The TAPUR Study will describe the efficacy and toxicity of the targeted drugs used outside of their approved indications when matched to a somatic genomic variant.
Keywords: basket trial; genomic target; molecular tumor board; oncology; pragmatic trial; precision medicine; study design; variant.