No evidence for humoral autoimmunity against cardiomyocytes, adrenergic or muscarinic receptors in patients with Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy

Immunobiology. 2019 Mar;224(2):220-222. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.11.005. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Abstract

Background: An association between Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) and underlying malignancies has been observed, suggesting that TTC might be the consequence of paraneoplastic phenomena. This study investigates the presence of autoantibodies against cardiomyocytes as well as adrenergic (β1, β2) and muscarinic (M2) receptors in patients with TTC.

Methods and results: Serum from 20 TTC patients and 20 controls with ischemic heart disease was obtained. Indirect immunofluorescence testing for intracellular autoantibodies against cardiomyocytes showed a homogenous distribution, as in both groups 9 of 20 sera displayed a characteristic binding pattern of antibodies including vascular walls and intracellular structures. Flow cytometry analysis revealed no difference between TTC and controls in the binding of autoantibodies to the surface antigens of cardiomyocyte HL-1 cells (p = 0.569, t-test). Flow cytometry analysis of nontransfected wild type cells (p = 0.633, t-test), M2 receptor-transfected cells (p = 0.687, t-test), β1 receptor-transfected cells (p = 0.444, t-test) and β2 receptor-transfected cells (p = 0.632, t-test) showed similar results for control and TTC sera. Likewise, the binding pattern of TTC patients with a history of neoplasia compared to those without or to controls did not differ significantly (p > 0.05, u-test).

Conclusion: Findings suggest that the presumed paraneoplastic etiology of TTC cannot be attributed to the formation of these antibodies.

Keywords: Adrenergic receptor; Autoantibodies; Muscarinic receptor; Neoplasias; Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Animals
  • Autoantibodies / immunology
  • Autoantigens
  • Autoimmunity*
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Line
  • Cricetulus
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Humoral*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / immunology*
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
  • Receptors, Adrenergic / immunology*
  • Receptors, Adrenergic / metabolism
  • Receptors, Muscarinic / immunology*
  • Receptors, Muscarinic / metabolism
  • Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / immunology*
  • Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / metabolism

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Autoantigens
  • Receptors, Adrenergic
  • Receptors, Muscarinic