Functional characterization of the halogenase SpmH and discovery of new deschloro-tryptophan dimers

Org Biomol Chem. 2019 Jan 31;17(5):1053-1057. doi: 10.1039/c8ob02775g.

Abstract

The halogenase gene spmH was putatively involved in the biosynthesis of spiroindimicins/indimicins (SPMs/IDMs), a group of chlorinated tryptophan dimers (TDs) from deep-sea-derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 03032. Inactivation of spmH led to six deschloro-analogues of TDs, including four new compounds SPMs G (1) and H (2), and IDMs F (3) and G (4). The structures and absolute configurations of 1-4 were unambiguously determined by the combination of extensive spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and quantum chemical ECD calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against four cancer cell lines. Additionally, SpmH was biochemically characterized in vitro as an l-tryptophan 5-halogenase.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biological Products / chemistry
  • Biological Products / isolation & purification*
  • Biological Products / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Chlorine / chemistry
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Crystallography, X-Ray / methods
  • Density Functional Theory
  • Dimerization
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Oxidoreductases / chemistry
  • Oxidoreductases / genetics
  • Oxidoreductases / metabolism*
  • Spectrum Analysis / methods
  • Streptomyces / chemistry
  • Streptomyces / enzymology
  • Tryptophan / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tryptophan / metabolism

Substances

  • Biological Products
  • Chlorine
  • Tryptophan
  • Oxidoreductases
  • tryptophan halogenase