Effects of acute mercury exposure on fatty acid composition and oxidative stress biomarkers in Holothuria forskali body wall

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Mar:169:516-522. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.051. Epub 2018 Nov 23.

Abstract

Mercury is one of the most harmful pollutant that threat marine biota. This study assessed the Hg impact on the fatty acid (FA) composition and the antioxidant statues in Holothuria forskali body wall tissue. Specimens were exposed to HgCl2 graded doses (40, 80 and 160 μg L-1) for 96 h. A decrease in linoleic, arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acid levels and an increase of docosahexaenoic acid were mainly observed at the nominal tested dose. The exposure to the upper dose promoted oxidative stress with an increase of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, advanced oxidation protein product, glutathione and non-protein thiols levels. Moreover, a decrease in catalase and an increase in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed. Yet, an increase of the metallothionein level was registered in all treated groups. This study confirmed the Hg toxicity on the redox statue of H. forskali and highlighted the usefulness of the FA composition as an early sensitive bioindicators.

Keywords: Antioxidant enzymes; Exposure; Fatty acids; Holothuria forskali; Mercury (HgCl(2)); Metallothionein; Oxidative stress; Sea cucumber.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antioxidants / metabolism*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids / metabolism*
  • Holothuria / drug effects*
  • Holothuria / metabolism
  • Mediterranean Sea
  • Mercuric Chloride / analysis
  • Mercuric Chloride / toxicity*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Seawater / chemistry
  • Tunisia
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / toxicity*

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Biomarkers
  • Fatty Acids
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Mercuric Chloride