How Many Cores Does Systematic Prostate Biopsy Need?: A Large-Sample Retrospective Analysis

J Ultrasound Med. 2019 Jun;38(6):1491-1499. doi: 10.1002/jum.14834. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Abstract

Objectives: To explore the best individualized systematic prostate biopsy method.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 1211 patients who underwent 12-core systematic prostate biopsy guided by transrectal ultrasound from January 2011 to March 2018. Other biopsy core methods (6-, 8-, and 10-core) were estimated from the 12-core biopsy that was performed. Differences in the detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were compared.

Results: A total of 498 cases of PCa (41.1%) were detected, and 423 cases (34.9%) were csPCa. There was no significant difference between the 12- and 10-core prostate biopsy strategies in the total detection rates of PCa and csPCa (P > .05). In the subgroup of patients with a maximal prostate cross-sectional area of less than 15 cm2 , there was a significant difference between the 12-core method and the standard 6-core method (P = .03) but no significant differences between the other methods in the detection rate of PCa (P > .05), but in the detection rate of csPCa, the 12-core method differed significantly from the other methods (P = .02-.04) except for the 10-core method (P > .05). In patients with a prostate-specific antigen concentration of 20 ng/mL or higher, there were no significant differences between the 12-core method and all of the other methods (P > 0.05). In patients younger than 70 years and 70 years or older, the 12-core method differed significantly from the other methods (P < .01-.03) except for the 10-core method (P > .05).

Conclusions: Ten- or 12-core biopsy showed a higher detection rate than the other schemes. However, for patients with a prostate-specific antigen concentration of 20 ng/mL or higher, the 6-core systematic biopsy is preferred.

Keywords: biopsy; prostatic neoplasm; transrectal; ultrasound.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biopsy, Large-Core Needle / methods
  • Humans
  • Image-Guided Biopsy / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prostate / diagnostic imaging
  • Prostate / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods*