An investigation of the quality of pretend play ability in children with cerebral palsy

Aust Occup Ther J. 2019 Apr;66(2):210-218. doi: 10.1111/1440-1630.12539. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Abstract

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders in the development of movement and posture due to non-progressive disturbances during foetal or infant brain development that can result in activity limitations, including engagement in pretend play.

Methods: Twenty children aged four to seven years with spastic CP participated in this descriptive qualitative study. The Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA) clinical observations were analysed from five categories: Time, Interaction with the examiner, Imitation, Theme and Story.

Results: Seventy per cent (70%) of the children completed the assessment (Time), and 90% of children interacted socially with the examiner during the play (Interaction with the examiner). All children initiated their pretend play without requiring examiner demonstration (Imitation). Sixty per cent (60%) of the children were appropriate to their stage of development for Theme. Finally, 60% of the children set up a scenario, but did not develop a narrative (Story).

Conclusion: Qualitative aspects of the children's pretend play performance were satisfactory, showing typical play indicators in all the categories, except for 'Story'. 'Story' represents more complexity in a child's pretend play ability. Therefore, a play intervention is suggested to stimulate and expand the pretend play ability of preschool children with CP.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy; assessment; occupational therapy; preschool children; pretend play.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Palsy / rehabilitation*
  • Child
  • Child Development
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Imagination*
  • Interpersonal Relations
  • Male
  • Occupational Therapy / organization & administration*
  • Play and Playthings*
  • Social Skills