Life-threatening DBS withdrawal syndrome in Parkinson's disease can be treated with early reimplantation

Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2018 Nov:56:88-92. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.06.035. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Abstract

Introduction: The deep brain stimulation (DBS) withdrawal syndrome (DBS-WDS) is a rare, life-threatening complication in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with long disease duration and stimulation when stimulation is terminated for extended periods mostly due to infection of the DBS-hardware.

Methods, results: In five patients explantation became necessary because of infection after a mean of 11.4 years (range 4-15 years) of DBS and a mean disease duration of 24.6 years (range 3-22 years). Mean UPDRS motor-score pre-explantation was 38 points (range 24-55 points) which increased to a mean of 78.4 points (range 58-90 points) after explantation, despite optimal Levodopa dosing. Reimplantation of the hardware after 23 days (range 3-45 days) under antibiotic treatment led to an improvement to a mean of 40 points (range 25-73 points) and a complication free survival.

Conclusion: Early reimplantation of the DBS-hardware is a treatment option of the DBS-WDS when the life-threatening urgency overrides surgical standards. Observation of the syndrome indicates pharmacological unresponsiveness of the dopaminergic system in advanced PD and long-term DBS.

Keywords: Deep brain stimulation; Explantation; Life-threatening DBS withdrawal syndrome; Therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Deep Brain Stimulation / adverse effects*
  • Deep Brain Stimulation / trends
  • Electrodes, Implanted / adverse effects*
  • Electrodes, Implanted / microbiology
  • Electrodes, Implanted / trends
  • Equipment Contamination*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Parkinson Disease / diagnosis
  • Parkinson Disease / therapy*
  • Retreatment / instrumentation
  • Retreatment / methods
  • Treatment Outcome