Atlantoaxial Instability in Patients Older Than 70 Years: What Is the Outcome When Further Conservative Treatment Is Not an Option?

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2018 Sep;79(5):372-379. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1646958. Epub 2018 Jul 4.

Abstract

Objective: We report on our experiences of navigated posterior C1-C2 spondylodesis in the elderly (≥ 70 years of age).

Patients: This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients ≥ 70 years of age treated with navigated posterior spondylodesis C1-C2 (at the most to C3) from 2008 to 2015 with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Minor and major complications within 30 days after surgery, patient outcome, and the rate of solid fusion in computed tomography were recorded. The follow-up over 1 year was conducted by outpatient examinations and via telephone interviews.

Results: Twenty-two patients with a mean age of 79.9 years (range: 71-91 years) were treated. Minor complications were mild pneumonia (18.2%), postoperative confusion (9.1%), and urinary tract infection (4.5%). Major complications were severe pneumonia (4.5%) and clinically asymptomatic vertebral artery injury (4.5%). The mortality rate was 13.6% (n = 3) within the first 30 days after surgery and 22.7% (n = 5) within 1 year. All deceased patients were > 85 years of age.

Conclusion: In our patient population, posterior spondylodesis was shown to be beneficial for patients > 70 years up to age ∼ 85 years. The mortality rate increased sharply in patients > 85 years. In these patients the indication for surgery should be critically evaluated.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Atlanto-Axial Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Atlanto-Axial Joint / surgery*
  • Conservative Treatment
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Joint Instability / diagnostic imaging
  • Joint Instability / surgery*
  • Male
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Spinal Fusion / methods*
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome