Impact of treatment strategies on outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus according to presenting angina severity: A pooled analysis of three federally-funded randomized trials

Atherosclerosis. 2018 Oct:277:186-194. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Abstract

Background and aims: The impact of treatment strategies on outcomes in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to presenting angina has not been rigorously assessed.

Methods: We performed a patient-level pooled-analysis (n = 5027) of patients with stable CAD and T2DM randomized to optimal medical therapy [OMT], percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] + OMT, or coronary artery bypass grafting [CABG] + OMT. Endpoints were death/myocardial infarction (MI)/stroke, post-randomization revascularization (both over 5 years), and angina control at 1 year.

Results: Increasing severity of baseline angina was associated with higher rates of death/MI/stroke (p = 0.009) and increased need for post-randomization revascularization (p = 0.001); after multivariable adjustment, only association with post-randomization revascularization remained significant. Baseline angina severity did not influence the superiority of CABG + OMT to reduce the rate of death/MI/stroke and post-randomization revascularization compared to other strategies. CABG + OMT was superior for angina control at 1 year compared to both PCI + OMT and OMT alone but only in patients with ≥ Class II severity at baseline. Comparisons between PCI + OMT and OMT were neutral except that PCI + OMT was superior to OMT for reducing the rate of post-randomization revascularization irrespective of presenting angina severity.

Conclusions: Presenting angina severity did not influence the superiority of CABG + OMT with respect to 5-year rates of death/MI/stroke and need for post-randomization revascularization. Presenting angina severity minimally influenced relative benefits for angina control at 1 year.

Keywords: CCS angina classification; Coronary artery bypass grafting; Optimal medical therapy; Percutaneous coronary intervention; Stable ischemic heart disease; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angina Pectoris / diagnosis
  • Angina Pectoris / epidemiology
  • Angina Pectoris / therapy*
  • Cardiovascular Agents / adverse effects
  • Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass* / adverse effects
  • Coronary Artery Bypass* / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnosis
  • Coronary Artery Disease / epidemiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Retreatment
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Stroke / therapy
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Cardiovascular Agents