Cancer recording in patients with and without type 2 diabetes in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink primary care data and linked hospital admission data: a cohort study

BMJ Open. 2018 May 26;8(5):e020827. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020827.

Abstract

Objectives and setting: Conflicting results from studies using electronic health records to evaluate the associations between type 2 diabetes and cancer fuel concerns regarding potential biases. This study aimed to describe completeness of cancer recording in UK primary care data linked to hospital admissions records.

Design: Patients aged 40+ years with insulin or oral antidiabetic prescriptions in Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) primary care without type 1 diabetes were matched by age, sex and general practitioner practice to non-diabetics. Those eligible for linkage to Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care (HES APC), and with follow-up during April 1997-December 2006 were included.

Primary and secondary outcome measures: Cancer recording and date of first record of cancer were compared. Characteristics of patients with cancer most likely to have the diagnosis recorded only in a single data source were assessed. Relative rates of cancer estimated from the two datasets were compared.

Participants: 53 585 patients with type 2 diabetes matched to 47 435 patients without diabetes were included.

Results: Of all cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) recorded in CPRD, 83% were recorded in HES APC. 94% of cases in HES APC were recorded in CPRD. Concordance was lower when restricted to same-site cancer records, and was negatively associated with increasing age. Relative rates for cancer were similar in both datasets.

Conclusions: Good concordance in cancer recording was found between CPRD and HES APC among type 2 diabetics and matched controls. Linked data may reduce misclassification and increase case ascertainment when analysis focuses on site-specific cancers.

Keywords: cancer; concordance; electronic health records; hospital admissions; primary care; type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cohort Studies
  • Databases, Factual
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Medical Record Linkage
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Patient Admission / statistics & numerical data*
  • Primary Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Sex Distribution
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology