Novel Association Between Intrathecal Drug Administration and Arachnoiditis Ossificans

World Neurosurg. 2018 Jul:115:400-406. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.04.196. Epub 2018 May 7.

Abstract

Background: We present a case of delayed progression of adhesive arachnoiditis to arachnoiditis ossificans (AO) in a patient being treated with a high-dose polypharmaceutical intrathecal regimen.

Case description: The patient is a 39-year-old Caucasian male who was implanted with an intrathecal pump in 2006 to control severe low back pain and administered intrathecal pain medication for a period of 10 years. In 2016, he developed new-onset radicular pain and worsened sensation in his lower extremities. Computed tomography scan of the lumbar spine at that time demonstrated profound calcification of the arachnoid consistent with a diagnosis of AO. It was presumed that prolonged high-dose intrathecal medication precipitated this condition, and his intrathecal medications were titrated down with removal of the pump.

Conclusions: It is unlikely that his condition occurred as a result of prior surgery, with the more likely cause being hyperplasia of the spinal arachnoid, leading to scarring and calcification, due to the high-dose intrathecal regimen. This case highlights the delayed progression from stable arachnoiditis to AO concurring with a regimen of high-dose intrathecal medications. Clinicians should closely monitor patients undergoing intrathecal drug administration, particularly at elevated doses, for indications of damage to the spinal arachnoid mater.

Keywords: Arachnoiditis ossificans; Calcification; Intrathecal pump; Pain.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analgesics / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics / adverse effects
  • Arachnoiditis / diagnostic imaging*
  • Arachnoiditis / etiology*
  • Calcinosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Calcinosis / etiology
  • Humans
  • Infusion Pumps, Implantable / adverse effects*
  • Infusions, Spinal / adverse effects*
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / diagnostic imaging
  • Male

Substances

  • Analgesics