Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia and the distribution of serum uric acid in young students. Methods: Determination of 14 214 cases of freshmen, 3 072 cases of the graduate and 6 804 cases of school staff in 2015-2016 from one University of Beijing with uric acid (UA) enzymatic method, hyperuricemia criteria for male UA >420 μmol/L, female UA >357 μmol/L, were grouped according to age. From freshmen in 2016 randomly selected 1 782 cases men and 1 175 cases women through the questionnaire to investigate the prevalence of gout. Results: The prevalence of hyperuricemia in male and female freshmen were 34.47% (1 958/5 681) and 11.64% (993/8 533) respectively. The prevalence of hyperuricemia in male and female graduates were 32.73% (381/1 164) and 10.06% (192/1 908) respectively. In the same period, the prevalence of hyperuricemia was 14.42% (480/2 844) among male workers and 9.92% (393/3 960) among female workers. The blood uric acid level was analyzed among the freshmen in 2015-2016 and the graduates in 2015, most freshmen were 420-480 μmol/L in males and 357-480 μmol/L in females. The prevalence of gout was 0.34% (6/1 782) in males and 0.26% (3/1 175) in females respectively (which had at least one attack of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and non-traumatic articular pain and swelling of the knee). In addition, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of hyperuricemia in coastal and inland areas (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the proportion of BMI in male and female newborns with hyperuricemia (P<0.05). Conclusion: The young men of high uric acid hematic disease prevalence showed a trend of increased significantly, male and female serum UA value most in mild-to-moderate elevated levels, and a lower incidence of gout. Compared with the general population, BMI of the freshmen with hyperuricemia increased significantly.
目的： 了解青年学生高尿酸血症的患病情况及血尿酸水平分布。 方法： 用尿酸酶法测定2015至2016北京某高校14 214名入学新生、3 072名毕业生和6 804名本校职工血尿酸值。高尿酸血症判断标准为男性尿酸>420 μmol/L，女性尿酸>357 μmol/L，按年龄段进行分组统计；从2016年男性新生中通过问卷随机抽取了男性及女性分别为1 782、1 175名调查了痛风的患病率。 结果： 该校新生中男性和女性高尿酸血症患病率分别为34.47%(1 958/5 681)和11.64%(993/8 533)，毕业生中男性和女性高尿酸血症患病率分别为32.73%(381/1 164)和10.06%(192/1 908)，而同期该校男性职工高尿酸血症患病率14.42%(480/2 844)，职工女性为9.92%(393/3 960)。从血尿酸水平分析，2015至2016年入学新生及2015年毕业生中，男性血清尿酸水平在420～480 μmol/L、女性血清尿酸水平在357～480 μmol/L所占比例居多，痛风患病率男性为0.34%(6/1 782)，女性中0.26%(3/1 175)(问卷中患者至少1次发作过第一跖趾关节及膝关节非外伤性关节肿痛)。另外从地区分布上看，沿海及内陆高尿酸血症患病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在并发症方面，与非高尿酸血症相比，男性和女性新生高尿酸血症患者中体质量指数(BMI)升高的比例差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论： 该校年轻男性高尿酸血症患病率呈现明显升高趋势，男性及女性血清尿酸值大部分处于轻中度升高水平，而痛风发生率较低，与正常人群相比新生中高尿酸血症患者BMI明显升高。.
Keywords: Gout; Hyperuricemia; Physical examination; Prevalence.