Toxic effect of [Omim]BF4 and [Omim]Br on antioxidant stress and oxidative damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)

Yuting Shao; Jun Wang; Zhongkun Du; Bing Li; Lusheng Zhu; Jinhua Wang; Shumin Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.008

Toxic effect of [Omim]BF₄ and [Omim]Br on antioxidant stress and oxidative damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida)

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2018 Jun:60:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.008. Epub 2018 Apr 8.

Authors

Yuting Shao¹, Jun Wang², Zhongkun Du³, Bing Li⁴, Lusheng Zhu⁵, Jinhua Wang⁶, Shumin Zhang⁷

Affiliations

¹ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: shaoyuting099@163.com.
² College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: jwang@sdau.edu.cn.
³ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: dzk66@sdau.edu.cn.
⁴ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: libing201709@163.com.
⁵ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: lushzhu@sdau.edu.cn.
⁶ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: wjh@sdau.edu.cn.
⁷ College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China. Electronic address: eti@sdau.edu.cn.

PMID: 29655015
DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.008

Abstract

In this paper, model soil organism, earthworms (Eisenia fetida), were selected to examine the chronic toxic effect of two different ionic liquids (ILs) [Omim]BF₄ and [Omim]Br. Earthworms were put into different ILs concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg/kg) in artiﬁcial soil and random selected on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were researched for determination of antioxidant stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and olive tail moment (OTM) were researched to determine the oxidative damage. Both the pollutants had the same effect on earthworms: ILs led to accumulation of ROS, and then antioxidant enzymes and detoxification enzyme all changed to eliminate the effects of ROS, and the above process led to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in earthworms. This paper shows that [Omim]BF₄ and [Omim]Br both caused toxicity to earthworms and had the similar toxicity levels.

Keywords: DNA damage; Earthworms; Enzymes responses; Ionic liquids; Lipid peroxidation.

MeSH terms

Animals
Antioxidants / metabolism*
DNA Damage*
Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
Glutathione Transferase / metabolism
Imidazoles / toxicity*
Ionic Liquids / toxicity
Lipid Peroxidation
Malondialdehyde / metabolism
Oligochaeta / drug effects*
Oligochaeta / genetics
Oligochaeta / metabolism
Random Allocation
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism

Substances

1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate
Antioxidants
Imidazoles
Ionic Liquids
Reactive Oxygen Species
Malondialdehyde
Glutathione Transferase